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FACADE: The front elevation
or face of a structure.
FACE BRICK: Brick of better quality used
on the face of a wall.
FACE SIZE: The exposed width of a molded
piece of lumber after installation.
FACE VENEER: Veneer selected for exposed
surfaces in plywood. Especially selected for fancy paneling.
FACING: Any material attached to the
outer portion of a wall used as a finished surface.
FASCIA: A vertical board nailed onto
the ends of the rafters.
FIBERBOARD: A building board made with
fibrous material and used as an insulating board.
FILL: Sand, gravel, or loose earth used
to bring a subgrade up to a desired level around a house.
FILLED INSULATION: A loose insulating
material poured from bags or blown by machine into walls.
FIREBRICK: A brick that is especially
hard and heat-resistant; used in fireplaces.
FIRECLAY: A refractory mortar used to
lay firebrick in the bed and walls of a fireplace.
FIRE CUT: The angular cut at the end
of a joist designed to rest on a brick wall.
FIRE STOP: A solid, tight closure of
a concealed space, placed to prevent the spread of fire and smoke
through such a space. In a frame wall, this will usually consist
of 2 by 4 cross blocking between studs.
FIRE WALL: Any wall designed to resist
the spread of fire be- tween sections of a house. Fire walls are
commonly used between the main structure and an attached garage.
Fire resistant materials are designed specifically for this purpose.
FLAGSTONE: Flat stone used for floors,
steps, walks, or walls.
FLASHING: Sheet metal or other material
used in roof and wall construction to protect a building from water
seepage.
FLUE: The space or passage in a chimney
through which smoke, gas, or fumes ascend. Each passage is called
a flue, which together with any others and the surrounding masonry
make up the chimney.
FLUE LINING: Fireclay or terra-cotta
pipe, round or square, usually made in all ordinary flue sizes and
in 2 ft. lengths. Used for the inner lining of chimneys with the
brick or masonry work around the outside. Flue lining in chimneys
runs from about a foot below the flue connection to the top of the
chimney.
FLY RAFTERS: End rafters of the gable
overhang supported by roof sheathing and lookouts.
FOOTING: A masonry section, usually concrete,
in a rectangular form wider than the bottom of the foundation wall
or pier it supports.
FORM, CONCRETE: A temporary structure
built to contain con- crete during pouring and initial hardening.
FOUNDATION: The supporting portion of
a structure below the first-floor construction, or below grade,
including the footings.
FRAMING, BALLOON: A system of framing
a building in which all vertical structural elements of the bearing
walls and par titions consist of single pieces extending from the
top of the foundation sill plate to the roof plate and to which
all floor joists are fastened.
FRAMING, PLATFORM: A system of framing
a building in which floor joists of each story rest on the top plates
of the story below or on the foundation sill for the first story,
and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each
story.
FRIEZE: In house Construction, a horizontal
member connecting the top of the siding with the soffit of the cornice.
FROSTLINE: The depth of frost penetration
in soil. This depth varies in different parts of the country. Footings
should be placed below this depth to prevent movement.
FURRING: The use of wood strips
(or other materials) as a method of finishing the interior face
of a masonry wall. Furring provides a space for insulation, helps
prevent moisture transmission, and provides a level surface for
paneling or other surface finishing treatment.
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